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1.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(5): 1261-1267, 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405287

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The objective of the study was to provide a detailed anatomical description of the rat's ear anatomy that will prove insightful to different experimental otologic surgical procedures regardless of scope. Three male Wistar rats were enrolled in the study. Candidates were screened for systemic and otologic pathology. External ear canal endoscopy was carried out with a 30˚ rigid endoscope through an image capture system. Middle ear anatomical elements were analyzed under stereomicroscopy. 3D computer tomography image reconstruction was realized with a micro-CT to describe the anatomy. Image data from all three rats were analyzed. Anatomical annotations and surgical exposure recommendations were added for key elements. The most relevant images from all three rats were selected for representation. Detailed visualization of the structural elements of the tympanic cavity were clearly visible: promontory, round window, stapedial artery, stapes, incus, and tympanic membrane were all constant findings. We describe a step wise ventral surgical approach of the middle and inner ear for which we found that the clavotrapezius muscle was a reliable landmark. For the transtympanic approach the endoscopic transcanal access was an easy and reliable method for which a detailed anatomical representation was depicted. Further, anatomical similarities to humans were observed by stereomicroscopy and Micro-CT imaging reiterating that the rat model is suitable for otologic research. The endoscopic approach to the tympanic membrane is comfortable and less expensive than a microscope. The tendon of the clavotrapezius muscle can be a reliable landmark for discovering the tympanic bulla when considering a ventral approach. 3D Micro-CT reconstruction allows intact evaluation of the samples, simultaneously being a diagnostic and also a learning tool.


RESUMEN: El objetivo de este trabajo fue proporcionar una descripción anatómica detallada de la anatomía del órgano vestíbulococlear de la rata que resultará útil para diferentes procedimientos quirúrgicos otológicos experimentales, independientemente del alcance. En el estudio se usaron tres ratas Wistar macho. Los ejemplares fueron evaluados por patología sistémica y otológica. La endoscopía del meato acústico externo se realizó con un endoscopio rígido de 30˚ a través de un sistema de captura de imágenes. Los elementos anatómicos del oído medio se analizaron bajo estereomicroscopía. La reconstrucción de la imagen de tomografía computarizada en 3D se realizó con un micro-CT para describir la anatomía. Se analizaron los datos de imagen de las tres ratas. Se agregaron anotaciones anatómicas y recomendaciones de exposición quirúrgica para elementos clave. Las imágenes más relevantes de las tres ratas fueron seleccionadas para su representación. La visualización detallada de los elementos estructurales de la cavidad timpánica era claramente visible: promontorio timpánico, ventana coclear, arteria estapedial, estapedio, yunque y membrana timpánica eran hallazgos constantes. Describimos un abordaje quirúrgico ventral escalonado del oído medio e interno para el cual encontramos que el músculo clavotrapecio era un punto de referencia confiable. Para el abordaje transtimpánico, el acceso transcanal endoscópico fue un método fácil y confiable para el cual se describió una representación anatómica detallada. Además, se observaron similitudes anatómicas con los humanos mediante estereomicroscopía e imágenes Micro-CT, lo que reitera que el modelo de rata es adecuado para la investigación otológica. El abordaje endoscópico de la membrana timpánica es cómodo y menos costoso que un microscopio. El tendón del músculo clavotrapecio puede ser un punto de referencia fiable para descubrir la bulla timpánica cuando se considera un abordaje ventral. La reconstrucción 3D Micro- CT permite la evaluación intacta de las muestras, siendo simultáneamente una herramienta de diagnóstico y también de aprendizaje.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Ear/anatomy & histology , Ear/surgery , Otologic Surgical Procedures , Rats, Wistar , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Ear/diagnostic imaging , X-Ray Microtomography
2.
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ; (12): 338-344, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-936217

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate whether the contralateral normal external auditory canal (EAC) skin graft can maintain the ear canal health after EAC reconstruction in unilateral congenital aural atresia (CAA) cases. Methods: A Zelen design randomized controlled study was used to collect unilateral CAA patients for EAC reconstruction prospectively (clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2000032103). The patients were randomly divided into the control group and the trial group. The trial group used the contralateral normal EAC skin graft group (transplant part of the contralateral normal EAC skin to repair the atresia side for unilateral CAA patients), the control group all used scalp blade thick skin. We observed the EAC health and hearing results of the two groups after EAC reconstruction. Results: A total of 13 cases were enrolled from July 2020 to August 2021. There were eight patients in the trial group, including six males and two females, with an average age of 22.3 years (14-36 years). There were two patients with CAA on the left and six patients on the right. The average follow-up time was 8.8 months (4-14 months). There were five patients in the control group, all cases were male with an average age of 16.2 years (12-20 years). There were four patients with CAA on the left and one patient on the right. The average follow-up time was 7.0 months (2-14 months). In the trial group, eight cases of reconstructed EAC epithelium were healthy, one patient had cicatricial stenosis of EAC opening and lateralization of the tympanic membrane. The other patient had cicatricial stenosis of reconstructed EAC, this case also had scar hyperplasia of the contralateral EAC opening but recovered after soft packing and triamcinolone acetonide injection treatment. The healthy side EAC of the rest trial group had no scarring stenosis or local bone hyperplasia during long-term follow-up. In the control group, one patient was lost to follow-up and the other four patients had dry ears of reconstructed EAC, but easily to form crusts and needed to be cleaned repeatedly, one patient had lateralization of the tympanic membrane, the EAC epithelium was not healthy for long-term follow-up. The incidence of complications related to EAC reconstruction was lower than previous studies (χ²=5.55, P=0.018), and the average postoperative Air-Bone Gap increased (18.8±10.0)dB. Conclusion: By optimizing the EAC reconstruction technology, the health of the reconstructed EAC is improved compared with the previous study. After active intervention and treatment, there should be no scarring stenosis or local bone hyperplasia on the contralateral side EAC.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Ear/surgery , Ear Canal/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Skin Transplantation , Tympanoplasty
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 16(4): 232-234, out.-dez. 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1025921

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de Treacher Collins é uma patologia rara, com gene causador mapeado no braço longo do cromossomo cinco (5q31. 3-q33.3). Conhecida como disostose craniofacial, apresenta-se com hipoplasia malar, hipoplasia mandibular e malformações do pavilhão auricular. Tal condição representa previsão de dificuldade para o ato anestésico de intubação, necessitando de avaliação pré-operatória minuciosa e cuidado intensivo no perioperatório. A anestesia geral costuma ser realizada por indução de anestésicos inalatórios, uma vez que crianças submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos são não cooperativas, além de haver dificuldade de se obter acesso venoso. Assim, objetiva-se relatar caso de via aérea de intubação difícil em paciente com síndrome de Treacher Collins, correlacionando às manifestações clínicas, ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento cirúrgico, e revisando a literatura sobre o tema. Relatamos um caso cuja singularidade reside no manejo anestésico diferente dos executados em outros centros médicos, ao abordar pacientes com previsão de via aérea difícil. Ao invés de se utilizar máscara laríngea ou intubação com laringoscópio óptico, procedeu-se a: indução inalatória, sedação sem abolir respiração espontânea, visualização das estruturas para introdução do tubo endotraqueal (Cormack 3), acesso venoso, intubação orotraqueal e, posteriormente, indução anestésica e bloqueio neuromuscular. Julgamos importante divulgar tal relato para expor alternativas na indisponibilidade de certos dispositivos, como o fibroscópio. A técnica de intubação sem máscara laríngea ou fibroscópio em pacientes com síndrome craniofacial pode ocorrer sem intercorrências com a estratégia de não abolir a respiração do paciente, porém com leve sedação, devido à não cooperação e à dificuldade de se obter acesso venoso em crianças. (AU)


Treacher Collins syndrome is a rare disease with the culprit gene mapped on the distal long arm of chromosome five (5q31. 3-q33.3). It is known as craniofacial dysostosis, and presents with malar hypoplasia, mandibular hypoplasia, and pinnae malformations. Such condition represents expected difficult airway intubation during anesthesia, requiring detailed preoperative evaluation, and intensive perioperative care. General anesthesia is usually performed through inhaling anesthetics because children undergoing surgical procedures are not cooperative, and their venous access is difficult. Thus, the aim of the study is to report a case of difficult airway intubation in a patient diagnosed with Treacher Collins syndrome, correlating clinical manifestations, diagnosis e surgical treatment, and reviewing the literature on the subject. We report a case that is unique because the anesthetic management is different from what has been done in other medical centers, since it manages patients with expected difficult airway. Instead of using a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) device or a flexible optical intubation (FOI), an inhaling induction was performed, with preserved spontaneous breathing sedation, and visualization of the structures to receive the endotracheal tube (Cormarck 3), venous access, orotracheal intubation and then, anesthetic induction and neuromuscular block. We consider it important to share this report to give alternatives when some devices, such as the fiberscope, are not available. The intubation technique without laryngeal mask airway device or fiberscope in patients with craniofacial syndrome may take place with no complications, when the patient's spontaneous breathing is not aborted, but with light sedation, because of children's noncooperation, and difficulty venous access. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Intubation/methods , Mandibulofacial Dysostosis/surgery , Zygoma/abnormalities , Ear/abnormalities , Ear/surgery , Anesthesiologists , Intubation/standards , Anesthesia/methods , Anesthesia/standards , Mandibulofacial Dysostosis/complications , Micrognathism/etiology
4.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 33(4): 586-589, out.-dez. 2018. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-980167

ABSTRACT

O complexo auricular representa sede frequente de lesões, especialmente de origem tumoral ou resultante de eventos traumáticos. Diversas são as opções cirúrgicas para restaurar a integridade anatômica da orelha. Relatamos o caso de um paciente que apresentou lesões tumorais em mais de uma ocasião na face anterior da orelha esquerda e que precisou de intervenção cirúrgica para a correção do defeito gerado pela excisão tumoral. Como procedimento proposto, planejamos e executamos um retalho insular de base superior, que por meio de um túnel criado na projeção da fossa triangular foi rodado para a fossa escafoide, reparando-a em um único tempo cirúrgico, apresentando resultados estético e funcional satisfatórios ao paciente.


The auricular complex is commonly affected by tumors or traumatic events. Several surgical options are available for restoration of ear anatomy. We report the case of a patient who presented with tumor lesions on more than one occasion in the anterior left ear and required surgical intervention to correct the defect generated by excision. As a proposed procedure, we designed and executed a superiorly-based insular flap that was rotated to the scaphoid fossa through a tunnel created in the projection of the triangular fossa; this was performed in a single stage, and the patient was satisfied with the aesthetic and functional results.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Ear Neoplasms/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Ear/surgery , Wounds and Injuries , Patient Satisfaction , Esthetics
5.
Surg. cosmet. dermatol. (Impr.) ; 10(3): 260-263, Jul.-Set. 2018. ilus.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-969833

ABSTRACT

Os cânceres da pele na região da cabeça e do pescoço correspondem a 70-75% dos tumores cutâneos malignos, e, destes, 80% são do tipo carcinoma basocelular. O pavilhão auricular é a localização dos tumores cutâneos malignos em percentual que varia de três a 6% dos casos. Relatamos técnica alternativa para reconstrução da hélice após exérese de tumores sem a utilização do triângulo de compensação clássico, de modo a proporcionar cicatriz na dobra da hélice, com melhor resultado estético, sem retrações inestéticas ou cicatrizes transversais à hélice.


Skin cancers in the head and neck region account for 70-75% of malignant cutaneous tumors, of which 80% are basal cell carcinomas. Between 3-6% of malignant cutaneous tumors occur in the auricular pavilion. The authors of the present paper report an alternative technique for reconstructing the ear helix after excision of tumors, without the use of the classic compensation triangle. This method allows that the scar be located in the helical sulcus, resulting in a better aesthetic result, without unaesthetic retractions or scars located transversely to the helix.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ear Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Ear/surgery
6.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 32(2): 190-193, 2017. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847357

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A orelha de abano é uma deformidade congênita frequente que pode gerar implicações psicológicas desde a infância. Várias táticas cirúrgicas são descritas para correção deste defeito, no entanto, intercorrências frequentemente observadas pela equipe eram a presença de relevos abruptos da cruz posterior da anti-hélice e as recidivas parciais do defeito. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar uma tática cirúrgica que minimiza essas intercorrências. Métodos: Foram realizadas 65 otoplastias no Hospital Mater Dei, em Belo Horizonte, MG, no período entre 1995 e 2015. Utilizou-se um instrumento cirúrgico elaborado pela equipe de cirurgia plástica, semelhante a uma pinça hemostática de 16 cm. Todos os pacientes foram operados sob anestesia local e sedação assistida por anestesista em ambiente hospitalar. Resultados: A correção do defeito congênito foi alcançada em todos os casos com o uso de um método comum, mas que cursou com a proposição de táticas novas e simples visando facilitar o ato cirúrgico e adquirir os resultados que foram naturais e satisfatórios. Conclusão: As táticas propostas para a cirurgia de otoplastia em abano são simples, de fácil realização, agilizaram o tempo operatório e utilizaram materiais simples, de baixo custo e de fácil aquisição. Também foram alcançados resultados estéticos satisfatórios sem se observar os estigmas decorrentes da quebra da cartilagem auricular.


Introduction: Protruding ears represent a common congenital deformity that can generate psychological implications from childhood. Several surgical techniques have been described to correct this defect; however, clinicians frequently observe the intercurrence of abrupt relief of the posterior crus of the anti-helix and a partial relapse of the original defect. The objective of this study was to demonstrate a surgical technique that minimizes these complications. Methods: Sixty-five otoplasties were performed at Mater Dei Hospital, Belo Horizonte, MG, between 1995 and 2015. A surgical instrument similar to a 16-cm hemostatic forceps was developed by the plastic surgery team. All patients were operated under local anesthesia and sedation, under the supervision of an anesthesiologist in a hospital setting. Results: Correction of the congenital defect was achieved in all cases using a common method that was performed using a simple, novel technique that facilitates surgery and obtains natural and satisfactory results. Conclusion: The proposed techniques for otoplasty of protruding ears are simple, faster, and require easily obtainable and affordable materials. Satisfactory esthetic results were also achieved without observing the stigmas arising from atrial cartilage rupture.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , History, 21st Century , Therapeutics , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Ear , Therapeutics/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Ear/abnormalities , Ear/surgery , Ear/pathology
7.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 32(1): 141-144, 2017. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-832691

ABSTRACT

Neste artigo, apresentamos um caso de uma deformidade auricular de difícil correção cirúrgica, envolvendo unidade escafo-helicoidal associada com a orelha proeminente em uma paciente de 25 anos de idade. Esta é uma malformação congênita incomum da orelha, o que resulta em uma borda helicoidal achatada, não curvilínea e dobrada sobre a escafa, comprometendo a aparência helicoidal. Foi proposto um tratamento cirúrgico com abordagem posterior e enxerto de cartilagem conchal à restauração do contorno borda helicoidal em um procedimento único. Esta nova abordagem proporciona um resultado agradável para o ouvido, principalmente por restaurar uma nova unidade escafo-helicoidal sem cicatriz na superfície orelha anterior e tratamento da orelha proeminente.


In this paper, we present a case of auricular deformity whose surgical correction is difficult, involving scapha-helical unit associated with prominent ear in a 25-year-old female patient. This is an uncommon congenital malformation of the ear, resulting in a flattened, straightened and folded helical rim over the scapha, compromising the helical appearance. The proposed surgical treatment involved posterior approach and conchal cartilage graft to the restoration of the helical rim contour in a single procedure. This new approach provides a fine result to the ear, particularly because it restores the scapha-helical unit with no scar on the surface of the anterior ear and also effectively treats the prominent ear.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , History, 21st Century , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Ear , Ear Cartilage , Ear Deformities, Acquired , Ear Auricle , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Ear/abnormalities , Ear/surgery , Ear/pathology , Ear Cartilage/abnormalities , Ear Cartilage/surgery , Ear Cartilage/pathology , Ear Deformities, Acquired/surgery , Ear Deformities, Acquired/pathology , Ear Auricle/abnormalities , Ear Auricle/surgery , Ear Auricle/pathology
8.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 32(1): 145-147, 2017. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-832693

ABSTRACT

Descrita no século XIX, a deformidade auricular de Stahl consiste em uma má formação auricular rara, caracterizada por hipoplasia da raiz da anti-hélice com o alargamento de sua base e uma terceira raiz da anti-hélice conectando-a à parte posterior da hélice, deformando a porção posterossuperior do pavilhão auditivo. A correção cirúrgica é o tratamento definitivo, porém, pela diversidade de apresentações clínicas, não há uma técnica padrão para todos os casos. O método descrito neste relato é mais uma opção de tratamento e consiste na ressecção da terceira cruz e confecção da raiz superior da anti-hélice.


Stahl's ear deformity was first described in the 19th century and it consists of a rare auricular deformity characterized by hypoplasia of the antihelix crus with enlargement of its base and a third crus of the antihelix connected to posterior portion of helix crus, which deforms the posterolateral wall of the external auditory canal. Reconstructive surgery is the definitive treatment, however, because of the diversity of clinical presentations, no standard technique exist for all cases. The method described in this report is another treatment option and entails the resection of the third crus and reconstruction of superior crus of the antihelix.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , History, 21st Century , Congenital Abnormalities , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Ear , Ear Deformities, Acquired , Congenital Abnormalities/surgery , Congenital Abnormalities/pathology , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Ear/abnormalities , Ear/surgery , Ear Deformities, Acquired/surgery
9.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 32(1): 3-8, 2017. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-832662

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Nos últimos anos, a literatura vem se enriquecendo de medidas quantitativas, principalmente pelo advento do processamento digital de imagens, procedimento não invasivo e bastante preciso. O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar as medidas em visão anterior no pré e pós-operatório de pacientes submetidos à otoplastia através de análise computadorizada de fotografias digitais. Métodos: O estudo retrospectivo foi realizado numa série consecutiva de casos no período de fevereiro de 2014 a abril de 2015. Foram realizadas medidas no terço superior, médio e inferior das orelhas. Resultados: Do total de 103 pacientes, 47 eram do sexo masculino e 56 do sexo feminino. A técnica de enfraquecimento do pavilhão, pela confecção de ilhas cartilaginosas múltiplas, associada à sutura com fio inabsorvível incolor, foi utilizada em 56 pacientes; a ressecção de cartilagem conchal isolada em um paciente e a combinação das técnicas anteriormente descritas em 47. O resultado da medida auricular em visão frontal nos pontos previamente descritos, realizada através da análise computadorizada, demonstrou uma redução média importante no terceiro mês de pós-operatório. Conclusão: No presente estudo, demonstrou-se que a avaliação fotográfica digital pode estimar medidas da orelha com alta reprodutibilidade, corroborando o emprego da fotografia digital na estimativa não invasiva dessas variáveis, como opção de custo reduzido e alta disponibilidade na prática clínica. Em conclusão, a análise antropométrica computadorizada em visão frontal, utilizando fotografias digitais pré e pós-operatórias é uma alternativa aos métodos de medidas tradicionais utilizados para avaliação de resultados em otoplastias.


Introduction: Recently a number of studies have been published on quantitative measures mainly for the prominence of digital imaging processing, which is a non-invasive and precisely procedure. This study assessed measures in anterior view before and after surgery of patients who underwent otoplasty using computer analysis of digital images. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on a consecutive series from February 2014 to April 2015. Measures were done in the upper third, middle and bottom of the ears. Results: Of 103 patients, 47 were men and 56 women. We used the technique of weakening the cartilage by making multiple posterior islands associated with non-absorbable suture in 56 patients, an isolated conchal cartilage resection in 1 patient and combination of all techniques in 47 patients. The result of auricle measure in frontal viewing at previous measured points performed using computer analysis showed a significant mean reduction in the third month after surgery. Conclusion: Digital image assessment can estimate auricle measure with high repeatability, corroborating with the use of digital images in noninvasive procedures as less expensive and highly available option in clinical practice. The computed anthropometric analysis of digital images in direct frontal view using images taken before and after surgery is an alternative method for traditional measurements to evaluate results in otoplasties.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , History, 21st Century , Congenital Abnormalities , Weights and Measures , Prospective Studies , Ear , Ear Diseases , Congenital Abnormalities/surgery , Ear/anatomy & histology , Ear/surgery , Ear Diseases/surgery , Ear Diseases/pathology
10.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 32(2): 282-286, 2017. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847446

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A orelha é uma estrutura da face que tem valor estético. As dimensões da orelha e aparência dos seus componentes anatômicos são modificados com a idade, doenças e práticas culturais que podem resultar em uma estética desagradável com o tempo. O lóbulo é um componente anatômico importante da orelha que é bastante influenciado esteticamente por estes fatores. Ele é composto por tecido adiposo e pele e pode sofrer mudanças na sua proporção e flacidez, as quais podem ser melhoradas, por meio procedimentos cirúrgicos, para ficarem esteticamente mais agradáveis, com o intuito de oferecer uma aparência mais proporcional ou jovem. Este trabalho descreve um caso de um paciente de 30 anos que considerou os lóbulos das suas orelhas desproporcionais ao resto da orelha e fez cirurgia para reduzi-los. Métodos: Foi realizado um procedimento cirúrgico simples, de recuperação rápida para reduzir o tamanho dos lóbulos do paciente por marcação e resseção de uma parte de cada lóbulo do paciente. Resultados: Os resultados se mostraram satisfatórios com lóbulos mais proporcionais ao resto das orelhas e melhora da estética do paciente. Conclusão: A técnica descrita neste trabalho para a redução de lóbulos auriculares hipertrofiados se mostrou eficaz.


Introduction: The ear is a structure of the face with important aesthetic value. The dimensions of the ear and the appearance of its anatomical components change with age, disease and cultural practices which can result in an aesthetically unpleasant form over time. The earlobe is an important anatomical part of the ear and is considerably influenced by the factors above. It is made of fatty tissue and skin and can undergo changes in its proportion and flaccidity, which may be improved by surgical procedures to make it more aesthetically pleasing, providing a more proportional or younger appearance. This article reports the case of a 30-yearold patient who considered his earlobes disproportionate in relation to the rest of his ears and underwent surgery to have them reduced. Methods: A simple and fast recovery surgical procedure was carried out delineating and resecting a part of each of the patient's earlobes. Results: The results proved to be satisfactory as the patient had more proportional earlobes in relation to the rest of his ears achieving aesthetic improvement. Conclusion: The technique described in this article to reduce hypertrophied earlobes proved to be efficient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Rhytidoplasty , Cicatrix , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Ear , Hypertrophy , Rhytidoplasty/adverse effects , Rhytidoplasty/methods , Cicatrix/surgery , Cicatrix/complications , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Ear/anatomy & histology , Ear/surgery , Ear/pathology , Hypertrophy/surgery , Hypertrophy/complications
11.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 31(1): 66-73, jan.-mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1503

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A proeminência dos pavilhões auriculares é a forma mais comum de deformidade desta estrutura, afetando em torno de 5% da população. A maioria dos trabalhos acerca da cirurgia de otoplastia apresenta avaliações subjetivas, não permitindo apreciar acuradamente os resultados no pós-operatório, bem como dificultando a comparação entre técnicas. Propõe-se o desenvolvimento e aplicação de protocolo específico para avaliação dos resultados. MÉTODO: Avaliação prospectiva pelo período de um ano de pacientes submetidos à otoplastia bilateral utilizando técnica baseada em modelagem cartilaginosa com suturas, utilizando medidas da distância hélice-mastoide em pontos padronizados. RESULTADOS: Foram operados 23 pacientes com idade média de 17,8 anos. A incidência de reoperação foi de 21,7% dos pacientes ou 10,7% das orelhas. Houve perda de cerca de 45% da correção obtida no ponto superior e 35% nos pontos médio e inferior nos pacientes não reoperados. CONCLUSÕES: O protocolo foi de fácil utilização e permitiu a avaliação objetiva tanto da deformidade no pré-operatório quanto dos resultados cirúrgicos. A técnica utilizada produziu resultados considerados adequados e comparáveis aos da literatura.


INTRODUCTION: Prominence is the most common deformity of the ear, affecting about 5% of the population. Most reports on otoplasty describe subjective evaluations, and do not provide accurate postoperative assessment or a comparison between techniques. We propose the development and implementation of a specific protocol to evaluate results. METHOD: A prospective evaluation for a period of one year in patients who underwent bilateral otoplasty was performed, using a technique based on modeling of the cartilage with sutures, and helix-to-mastoid distance measurements at standardized points. RESULTS: A total of 23 patients with an average age of 17.8 years underwent surgery. Reoperation was performed in 21.7% of the patients or 10.7% of the ears. Nearly 45% of the correction obtained at the upper point and 35% at the middle and lower points were lost in patients who did not undergo reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: The protocol was easily used and allowed objective evaluation of the preoperative deformity and surgical results. This technique produced results considered adequate and comparable to the literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , History, 21st Century , Sutures , Cartilage , Anthropometry , Clinical Protocols , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Evaluation Study , Ear , Ear Deformities, Acquired , Ear, External , Sutures/standards , Cartilage/surgery , Anthropometry/instrumentation , Anthropometry/methods , Clinical Protocols/standards , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Ear/surgery , Ear Deformities, Acquired/surgery , Ear Deformities, Acquired/pathology , Ear, External/surgery
12.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 31(3): 362-367, 2016. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-2300

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O uso de ornamentos auriculares é uma prática multicultural. Considerando a grande incidência de fissuras de lóbulo de orelha (FLOs) no mundo inteiro, é surpreendente a escassez de avaliações objetivas na literatura nacional e internacional. OBJETIVO: Avaliação dos resultados do fechamento de FLO's por meio de simples remoção de suas bordas e fechamento usando adesivo tissular. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo no qual FLOs (36) foram tratadas por simples excisão de suas bordas epitelizadas e fechamento usando cianoacrilato como adesivo tissular. RESULTADOS: Foram tratadas FLOs causadas por brincos (91,7%) e por trauma (8,3%). Achatamento (14,8%), cicatriz inestética (13,9%), entalhe (11,1%), alongamento lobular (7,4%) e deiscência (5,6%) foram os problemas encontrados. Não houve casos de necrose ou queloides. CONCLUSÕES: O tratamento proposto mostrou-se seguro e com resultados cosméticos satisfatórios em 92,6% das pacientes.


INTRODUCTION: The use of ear ornaments is a multicultural practice. The lack of objective evaluations published in the national and international literature is surprising considering the high incidence of torn earlobe (TEL) worldwide. OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the results of torn earlobe repair with simple marginal excision and closure using a tissue adhesive. METHODS: This was a prospective study in which TELs (36) were treated by simple excision of epithelialized edges and closure using cyanoacrylate as tissue adhesive. RESULTS: TELs caused by earrings (91.7%) and trauma (8.3%) were treated. The following issues were found: flatness (14.8%), unsightly scar (13.9%), notching (11.1%), stretched earlobe (7.4%), and dehiscence (5.6%). No cases of necrosis or keloid scars occurred. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed treatment proved safe and had satisfactory cosmetic results in 92.6% of patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Therapeutics , Adhesives , Prospective Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Cyanoacrylates , Evaluation Study , Ear , Ear Auricle , Craving , Therapeutics/methods , Adhesives/therapeutic use , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Cyanoacrylates/therapeutic use , Ear/surgery , Ear Auricle/abnormalities , Ear Auricle/surgery , Craving/physiology
13.
IPMJ-Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal. 2015; 14 (4): 480-480
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-177707

ABSTRACT

Background: Prominent ear is one of the most common congenital deformities of the head and neck region. It can affect the aesthetics and psychosocial aspects of patients. There are over 170 techniques described in the literatures, but many do not adequately address the specific problem and can prove unstable. Technique selection in otoplasty should be done only after careful analysis of the abnormal anatomy responsible for the protruding ear deformity


Objective: To evaluate the outcome of combined conchal excision, concho-scaphal sutures, and concho-mastoid sutures techniques for treatment of prominent ear


Patients and methods: A retrospective study was performed on 38 patients, from February 2009 to September 2014. All patients who had prominent ear were included in this study, except those who had constricted ear and secondary otoplasty. A combined method of conchal excision, concho-scaphal suture, and conchomastoid suture technique was used for correction of prominent ear. The follow-up period was 6 -19 months [mean, 14 months]. Data were entered and analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences SPSS version [18]


Results: In 38 patients who underwent otoplasty for prominent ear [24 were males and 14 were female], this technique of combined method used for all patients who had underdevelopment of antihelix and conchal hypertrophy. This technique allowed for correction of prominent ears to achieve a natural appearance. It achieved good to excellent symmetry in 95% of the patients and a low rate of complications. There were no major complication like skin necrosis or infection, but one patient develops small hematoma, another patient develops suture granuloma and extrusion and one patient had mild telephone deformity


Conclusion: This Technique is simple, versatile and applicable to all age groups, as well as its easy, safe and less recurrence rate with fewer complications and excellent long-term aesthetic outcomes


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Child , Ear Diseases , Sutures , Disease Management , Retrospective Studies , Ear/surgery
14.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 30(3): 439-445, 2015. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Orelha proeminente, popularmente conhecida como orelha em abano, é uma afecção muito frequente em nosso meio. Constitui a deformidade mais comum da cabeça e pescoço, prevalecendo em aproximadamente 5% da população em geral. O trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar que, com a junção de técnicas cirúrgicas simples, é possível corrigir as deformidades e obter um ótimo índice de satisfação dos pacientes. MÉTODO: Um total de 60 pacientes de ambos os sexos, entre 11 e 40 anos foram submetidos à otoplastia bilateral entre fevereiro de 2009 e dezembro de 2010. RESULTADOS: Em todos os casos se realizou otoplastia bilateral. Não houve casos de hematomas, infecção de sítio cirúrgico ou cicatriz hipertrófica. Cicatrizes visíveis ou granulomas de corpo estranho na face posterior da orelha foram constatados em 5 casos (8,3%). Houve 1 caso de condrite. O índice de deformidade residual com 1 ano de pós-operatório ocorreu em 3 casos, sendo todos bilaterais. Recidiva total foi presenciada em 1 caso (1,7%). Após um ano da cirurgia, 56 pacientes (93,3%) consideraram o resultado como bom e estavam satisfeitos, 3 pacientes sofreram reintervenção por deformidade residual e em 1 caso ocorreu a recidiva total, em que o mesmo não desejou correção. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo vem demonstrar que a associação das técnicas de Mustardè com a de Furnas traz alto grau de satisfação, baixo índice de complicações, podendo ser realizada com tranquilidade em nível ambulatorial e com baixo custo.


INTRODUCTION: Prominent ears, popularly known as bat ears, are the most common deformity of the head and neck, occurring in approximately 5% of the general population. This study aims to demonstrate that, with the use of simple surgical techniques, it is possible to correct the deformity and achieve optimal patient satisfaction. METHOD: A total of 60 patients of both sexes, aged between 11 and 40 years, underwent bilateral otoplasty between February 2009 and December 2010. RESULTS: In all cases, bilateral otoplasty was performed. There were no cases of hematomas, surgical site infection, or hypertrophic scars. In 5 cases (8.3%) visible scars or foreign body granulomas were found in the posterior surface of the ear. Chondritis occurred in one patient. Bilateral residual deformity occurred in 3 cases at 1 year post-surgery. Total recurrence was observed in 1 case (1.7%). After one year of surgery, 56 patients (93.3%) considered the result as good and were satisfied, 3 patients underwent reintervention for residual deformity, and total recurrence occurred in 1 case, which the patient did not wish to correct. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that concurrent use of the Mustardé and Furnas otoplasty techniques results in a high degree of satisfaction and a low rate of complications. The procedure can easily be performed at the outpatient level and at a low cost.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , History, 21st Century , Recurrence , Otologic Surgical Procedures , Comparative Study , Evaluation Study , Ear , Ear Deformities, Acquired , Otologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Ear/surgery , Ear Deformities, Acquired/surgery
15.
Acta cir. bras ; 29(supl.1): 7-11, 2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-720403

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To describe topographic and endoscopic anatomy of guinea pig ear for development of surgical approaches in experimental studies. METHODS: Experimental study. Eight adult guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) were used in this study. Four animals were described through endoscopic view and four animals were used to describe topographic anatomy. RESULTS: The main structures of middle ear were well identified through endoscopy view: oval and round window, ossicles and vascular structures. Temporal bone position, landmarks and its relations to skull are perceived with topographic description. CONCLUSION: Topographic anatomic description allowed exposition of temporal bone relations for external surgical approaches. Alternatively, grooves and middle ear structures were identified and may be used to transcanal accesses. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs , Ear/anatomy & histology , Ear/surgery , Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods , Anatomic Landmarks/anatomy & histology , Cochlea/anatomy & histology , Ear, Inner/anatomy & histology , Ear, Inner/surgery , Ear, Middle/anatomy & histology , Ear, Middle/surgery , Models, Animal , Reproducibility of Results , Temporal Bone/anatomy & histology
16.
Acta cir. bras ; 29(supl.1): 69-72, 2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-720406

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Initial study of the pig`s temporal bone anatomy in order to enable a new experimental model in ear surgery. METHODS: Dissection of five temporal bones of Sus scrofa pigs obtained from UNIFESP - Surgical Skills Laboratory, removed with hole saw to avoid any injury and stored in formaldehyde 10% for better conservation. The microdissection in all five temporal bone had the following steps: inspection of the outer part, external canal and tympanic membrane microscopy, mastoidectomy, removal of external ear canal and tympanic membrane, inspection of ossicular chain and middle ear. RESULTS: Anatomically it is located at the same position than in humans. Some landmarks usually found in humans are missing. The tympanic membrane of the pig showed to be very similar to the human, separating the external and the middle ear. The middle ear`s appearance is very similar than in humans. The ossicular chain is almost exactly the same, as well as the facial nerve, showing the same relationship with the lateral semicircular canal. CONCLUSION: The temporal bone of the pigs can be used as an alternative for training in ear surgery, especially due the facility to find it and its similarity with temporal bone of the humans. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Ear/surgery , Microdissection/methods , Temporal Bone/anatomy & histology , Anatomic Landmarks , Ear/anatomy & histology , Facial Nerve/anatomy & histology , Models, Animal , Reproducibility of Results , Sus scrofa , Temporal Bone/surgery , Tympanic Membrane/anatomy & histology
17.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 28(4): 577-580, july-sept. 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-778831

ABSTRACT

Ear flappy is a congenital deformity most common of external ear, is transmitted by dominant form and occurs in 5% of general population. There are three main ways to do the modern surgery: the shaving, exision and fixation for stitchs of ear gristle. The technique of Mestardé, in 1963, do a new antihelice was supported in permanent sutures for posterior way and the stitchs takes until anterior perichondrium, without takes the skin. Furnas (1968) done suture with unabsorbed thread in conchal gristle, transfixing until anterior perichondrium and sutures in mastoid fascia. The otoplasty can be done with local anesthesia associated or not with sedation or with general anesthesia. The aim of the study is to evaluate the intensity of pain of patients submited to otoplasty with local anesthesia with sedation and without sedation, comparing two techniques. Method: There was separated 2 groups: Group 1: 12 patients operates with local anesthesia and sedation in surgery center; group 2: 26 patients operated with local surgery in clinic of small surgeries. The study was done in one year (2011 to 2012 May). It was done a lot of questions with these patients to evaluate the level of pain during the surgery and post-surgery. Results: There was not significant diference between two groups. Conclusion: It is possible to do this surgery with less hospital cost and the use the rooms in surgery center for more complex surgeries...


Orelha em abano representa a deformidade congênita mais comum da orelha externa, é transmitida de forma autossômica dominante e afeta aproximadamente 5% da população em geral. Existem três vias principais para a realização da otoplastia moderna: a raspagem, excisão e fixação por pontos da cartilagem auricular. A abordagem de Mustardé, em 1963, para a criação de uma novo anti-hélice era baseado em suturas permanentes por acesso posterior e os pontos englobavam até o pericôndrio anterior, sem transfixar a pele. Furnas (1968) realizava sutura com fio inabsorvível posicionado na cartilagem conchal transfixando até pericôndrio anterior e suturado na fáscia mastoide. A otoplastia pode ser realizada com anestesia local associada ou não à sedação ou com anestesia geral. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a intensidade da dor dos pacientes submetidos à otoplastia sob anestesia local com sedação e sem sedação, comparando as duas técnicas anestésicas. Método: Foram separados dois grupos: Grupo 1 - 12 pacientes operados com anestesia local e sedação no centro cirúrgico; Grupo 2 - 26 pacientes operados com anestesia local e sem sedação no ambulatório de pequenas cirurgias. O estudo foi realizado no período de 1 ano (maio de 2011 a maio de 2012). Foi realizado um questionário com esses pacientes para avaliarmos o nível de dor no intraoperatório e pós-operatório. Resultados: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos. Conclusão: É possível realizarmos essa cirurgia com menor custo hospitalar e utilizarmos as salas do centro cirúrgico com anestesista para cirurgias mais complexas...


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesia, Local , Conscious Sedation , Ear Cartilage/surgery , Ear Deformities, Acquired/surgery , Ear, External/surgery , Ear/surgery , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Methods , Patients , Retrospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
18.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 28(4): 581-587, july-sept. 2013.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-778832

ABSTRACT

As auricular reconstruction is a very difficult procedure, patients are unfortunately sometimes found in doctor's surgeries who have previously been operated on with disastrous results that are impossible to correct or improve upon with known methods. Some of these patients accept the result achieved, while others do not and thus seek a better solution. What is to be presented now cannot be found in other publications and may be added to the specialty's arsenal as a new method. This work focuses on a twenty-one-year-old patient born with microtia on the right side who, between the age of six and the day of their consultation, had undergone twenty-five unsuccessful operations. Casuistry and method: Only one case was operated on and the method consisted of the transfer of all the retroauricular skin from the left ear in order to cover the right auricular region and thus create an ear. The fingertips of the 2nd and 3rd fingers of the right hand were used as vectors. Result: The author had a satisfactory result within the desired expectations. Conclusion: It is possible to use finger tips as a vector for the transfer of auricular flaps for complicated cases of auricular or facial reconstruction...


Por ser a reconstrução auricular um procedimento muito difícil, infelizmente encontram-se nos consultórios alguns pacientes já operados e com resultados desastrosos, impossíveis de serem corrigidos ou melhorados com os métodos já conhecidos. Alguns pacientes se conformam com o resultado conseguido, mas outros não e procuram uma melhor solução. O que vai se apresentar agora não consta em outras publicações e pode ser incluído no arsenal da especialidade como método novo. Este trabalho trata de um paciente, 21 anos, que nasceu com microtia do lado direito, que desde os 6 anos, até o dia da consulta, já tinha sido submetido a vinte e cinco operações, sem sucesso. Casuística e método: Um caso, que foi operado, cujo método consistiu em transferir toda a pele retroauricular da orelha esquerda, para cobrir a região auricular direita, fazendo assim uma orelha. Usaram-se como vetores as polpas dos dedos 2° e 3° da mão direita. Resultado: O autor ficou satisfeito com o resultado alcançado. Conclusão: É possível usar as polpas digitais como vetor para transferir retalhos auriculares para casos complicados de reconstrução auricular ou facial...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Congenital Microtia/surgery , Ear/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Surgical Flaps , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Methods , Patient Satisfaction , Patients
19.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 16(3): 400-405, jul.-set. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-646379

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) is a bone conduction hearing device that transmits sound directly into the inner ear. It is mainly used in patients with conductive hearing loss associated with aural atresia, but it is also used in those with mixed and sensorineural hearing loss. Goals: To review the main indications for BAHA, to analyze the audiometric results and its benefits for patients and compare them with other treatment modalities, and to compare the literature data with our sample of 13 patients. Method: The research was performed using a database covering works in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, with no limitations in the years when the procedures were performed. We compared the literature data with our results for the 13 patients who underwent BAHA implantation between the years 2000 and 2009. Results: Most of the studies showed that BAHA has great advantages over reconstructive surgery in terms of hearing results, complications, and disease recurrence. The postoperative results for our 13 patients were satisfactory and comparable with the results from the literature, with closure of the air-bone gap in 7 patients and achieving an air-bone gap of 10 dB in 6 patients. No postoperative complications were observed. Conclusion: BAHA is a better treatment option than reconstructive surgery for patients with bilateral deafness. It is a relatively simple surgical procedure with few complications and good hearing results. Recent studies have examined its use in conductive and unilateral sensorineural hearing loss...


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Audiometry , Hearing Aids , Ear/abnormalities , Ear/surgery , Hearing Loss, Conductive/rehabilitation , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/rehabilitation , Otologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Otologic Surgical Procedures/rehabilitation , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Tympanoplasty
20.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 26(3): 428-432, July-Sept. 2011. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-608200

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Congenital or traumatic ear deformities are difficult and complex issues in plastic surgery due to the increasing number of cases and high degree of difficulty involved in surgeries to restore facial harmony. The authors assessed the techniques used in ear reconstruction, their complications, and the degree of esthetic and functional satisfaction. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed, including cases of post-traumatic ear reconstruction in which costal cartilage graft was employed; the study took place at Hospital Geral de Goiânia Dr. Alberto Rassi and a private clinic from February 2005 to March 2010. Patient satisfaction with respect to esthetic and functional aspects was recorded during postoperative visits. RESULTS: Thirty-four cases were analyzed including 14 (41.1 percent) women and 20 (58.9 percent) men (range, 13-56 years). The average time for reconstruction after trauma was 6-8 months, and the average interval between surgeries was 6 months. Five patients had complications; only 1 required re-intervention due to posterior atrial contraction. Of all patients, 30 reported being satisfied with both the esthetic and functional results; 4 were dissatisfied, and 1 of them underwent subsequent retouching. CONCLUSIONS: Ear reconstruction after trauma is a complex issue in plastic surgery; however, with the standardization and systematization of techniques and a well-established learning curve, the results are very satisfactory; facial harmony can be restored with low complication rates.


INTRODUÇÃO: As deformidades auriculares congênitas ou traumáticas representam um tema de expressividade e complexidade em cirurgia plástica, pelo aumento de casos e pelo alto grau de dificuldade observado nos procedimentos de reparação, necessários para a restauração da harmonia facial do indivíduo. Os autores avaliam a técnica utilizada nas reconstruções auriculares e suas complicações, bem como o grau de satisfação estética e funcional. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo, transversal, analisando os casos de reconstrução de orelha pós-trauma, operados no Hospital Geral de Goiânia Dr. Alberto Rassi e em clínica particular, de fevereiro de 2005 a março de 2010, em que foi empregado enxerto de cartilage costal. O grau de satisfação dos pacientes foi aferido nas consultas de pós-operatório com relação aos aspectos estéticos e funcionais. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 34 casos, sendo 14 (41,1 por cento) mulheres e 20 (58,9 por cento) homens, com faixa etária entre 13 e 56 anos. O tempo médio para a reconstrução após o trauma foi de cerca de seis meses a oito meses e de um ato cirúrgico para outro, de seis meses. Cinco pacientes apresentaram complicações, e apenas um deles necessitou reintervenção em decorrência de retração auricular posterior. Do total de pacientes avaliados, 30 se definiram como satisfeitos com o resultado tanto estético como funcional e os outros 4, como insatisfeitos, sendo um deles submetido a retoque posterior. CONCLUSÕES: A reconstrução auricular após trauma é um tema complex da cirurgia plástica, mas com a padronização e a sistematização de técnicas e uma curva de aprendizagem bem executada os resultados são muito satisfatórios, devolvendo harmonia facial ao indivíduo, com baixa taxa de complicações.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , History, 21st Century , Surgery, Plastic , Ear Neoplasms , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Ear , Ear Cartilage , Ear, External , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Ear Neoplasms/surgery , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Ear/abnormalities , Ear/surgery , Ear Cartilage/surgery , Ear Cartilage/transplantation , Ear, External/surgery
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